历史

英国中世纪

经济
United Kingdom Middle Ages history United Kingdom composes in reply Scotland> with Northern Ireland including Great Britain (England , Wales , is one of 12 member state of European Communities. Its full name is Britannia. United Kingdom is to be composed of middle most British Isles island and islet , big among them first islands are Great Britain, there are Northern Ireland and Ireland republic on second big islands. Scotland has a big archipelagoes being called Hebulidi along the coast in the western part. There is Orkney Islands and the Sadelan archipelago in Scotland local territory northeast China along the coast. These archipelagoes all have on administration something to do with native country as said or narrated above , Ireland sea Marne Island and Channel Islands ween Great Britain and France are to exercise autonomy mainly , are not United Kingdom's ingredient but. British area is (93600 242500 square kilometers squares approximately mile), from the southern part coast to Caledonian north part almost be close to 1000 kilometres (about 600 mile), broadwise the broadest almost be close to 500 kilometres place (about 300 mile). Britain "this word comes from Greece and the Latin word , may trace back to Celtic but ultimately. (Aifuboli giant stone builds the ruin and famous such circular Stonehenge history historical remains such as even though those civilization before Celt is also that the queen arrives in the British Isles here) slightly just now when "this one dimension comes to judge in terms of "prehistoric period, already has been created by , characters about United Kingdom history records that but after all still from the beginning giving an account of Celt". "This terms is commensurate to Celt be often used to distinguish the British Isles early phase resident from Anglo-Saxon in the afterwards invading person commonly. Roman's ruling has lasted for more than 300 years from A.D. starting from 43. That island begins to meet with Angles who comes from Northern Europe , Saxon composes in reply Jutish invading and harassing before Roman withdraws finally on 408 years,have experienced one passage day by day the chaos period ". England "this word exactly is to comply with Angles "but come. Henceforth invading and harassing successive steps has become settlement , has founded and a lot of young kingdom among two centuries. Person is member of Britain now Wales and the Kangwoer area independence exist down. The strength has appeared in these young kingdoms to dominate the countrywide kingdom comparatively by force , has been up north (Northumbria kingdom) first , has been in (Mercia kingdom central section) then , has been member of (Wessex kingdom southward) finally. But, Viking who comes from Scandinavian proceed to invade United Kingdom and settles in down, Dane and the extensive area once dominating England invading even though the Wessex dynasty has once defeated during the period of 10 centuries. Final success having happened to England in 1066 invades. The Normandy Wilhelm duke has beaten British in Heisitingsi battle , person has come to settle in here the Norman support of the people coming from French other. In 3 centuries following, French has become nobleman's language , law structure has accepted that the same stuff effect gone through by English Channel Faramita , social structure has also accepted effect on some species degree. Wales is always a Celtic fort although within the sphere of influence often being in Englander. Edward I has launched one battle and has got victory after Llewellyn Prince is killed in action in 1282 but,under the ruling placing Wales in England. The Cymric nation mood has continued rising high , the beginning of 15 centuries have explained this one point from Erwin · Green uprising convenience led by morals. In 1536 compose in reply combined decree in 1542 with Wales with England in administration , politics and command legally for an integral whole. Lived originally being in Caledonian being mostly Pict. 6 centuries , Scotch who comes from Irish are in A.D. now Agaier area settlement. But Luoyang Xi An living is burning Englander, the Wales Britain people is to continue going north arriving in Sitelasikelaide. When 9 centuries, Scotland all localities unites to resist Viking. Independence being always threatening Scotland in entire Middle Ages , monarchical state of England at once big and powerful. Ultimate unity indicates England and Scotland , the difference on religion regards extremely faster essential points as an enemy at once comparing with nation in the past. In England , Elizah I, on 1603, by Scotland James, six generation (England James I) accedes to the throne. Even so, England composes in reply Scotland except being once forced to unite during the period of Oliver · Oliver Cromwell ruling they are always mutually independent together, in 17 centuries. Arrive at 1707 , bring about benefit since realizing that rapid and intense politics composes in reply economy federation, both sides agrees to found a unitary Great Britain parliament. Scotland still reserves self judicial systems and the religion community. During the period of George I composes in reply a George II this two Hanover Prod ruling but, England composes in reply the relations become strained ween Scotland getting up , the partisan stimulates James two generation to be over two time of armed rebellions , tries to restore Stuart who believes in Catholic. A lot of kingdom has appeared right away before Ireland is in A.D. , Ireland can not avert Viking's infringing upon but , 10 centuries have gone so far as to have become Viking's now and then to A.D. bringing the whole country under one's domination. In 1169 England Henry two generation launches face to face Irish invasion. England book Pope Adelian four generation awards Henry two generation authority of maximal ruler, because he is anxious to want to make Ireland church submit to Rome completely. Most area of Ireland all falls onto vigorous Gelu Norman influential official hands, in but Middle Ages England almost does not exercise jurisdiction directly here. Several place monarch of Tudor interferes with Irish inclination being much more strongly. Govern a period in Elizah I , rebel to Ireland person launches fault series of battle. The province'fighting against moving Wuersite who focuses on north part mainly, has run away in 1607 since fighting against moving failure and the leader , Wuersite has become the immigrant who comes from Scotland and England living in a compact community area. Because of Civil War (1642 ~ 1652), Ireland has broken out revolting many times , has been put down down by Oliver Cromwell but. In 1688 James two generation quilts are waste dim the war ween England and Ireland is furthermore ceaseless afterwards. 18 centuries major part all are fragile peacetimes. 18 centuries have been last , the British government has made in order seeking stability to make great efforts in many ways. In 1782, Ireland parliament (build Yu Middle Ages) gains legislation decision-making right; Be the kingdom government on constitution with not arriving at unique jolty link greatly. But, owe parliament the privileged stratum who represents few vigorous Gelu- Irelands only, the catholic is discriminated against outside. In 1798 a uprising happened, but not succeeding; In 1801, Ireland unites with Great Britain for an integral whole. Have not expected that in Great War although uprising of Dublin national uprising person has met with a suppression in 1916,one strands of the guerrilla warfare strength being called Irish Republican Army begin to adopt military operations on United Kingdom authority. The proposed law by the Ireland government stipulates need to set up two local self-government parliaments in 1920 , one is set up in Dublin , another is set up in Belfast. Be a proposed law's turn to be put into effect on 1921 in Northern Ireland, the Wuersite province has 6 to have accepted their own parliament among 9 prefectures , still enjoy a seat at the same time in Houses of Parliament , obey and Houses of Parliament's maximal jurisdiction. But, Irish Republican Army continues being in the southern part in order striving for abjunction United Kingdom authority winning an independence battle. Treaty founds Yu Free State according to the UK love that the same year establishes December , is the free country's turn to become the Ireland republic in 1949 after having concluded and signed an armistice in June , 1921. Though not belonging to United Kingdom Channel Islands and Marne Island, with but United Kingdom has peculiar relation. Channel Islands once was part of Normandy duchy during the period of 10 centuries compose in reply 11 centuries. Marne Island is being exercised sovereignty by Norway nominally always before 1266 , is administered by the kingdom government directly till in 1765 ultimate. Channel Islands composes in reply Marne Island with legal system today, having the respective legislature , the British government is defending and international relation affair being in charge of there.

文化
The banquet appearance 11 centuries English king Wilhelm I is held conquered England front in Normandy duke Wilhelm , Anglo-Saxon ate some at that time notes lacks kind enough Chen very much. That time British dish style is pretty rough , dish style has the fricassee and simple bouillon, both the common people and nobleman drink cerevisia, turn up but of Normandy people, has rewritten British food meat and fish dishes , has been still obvious to nobleman effect. These dishes do not stop being affected by French , also do not have distinctive Englishness, this has should not be external except being to eat material , the most important be that the Normandy people captured Sicily at that time , be invaded once by Arab when owing a place 9 centuries, food is full of many Arab local manners and feelings , these exceptional style conducts entering United Kingdom also from Sicily. With the fact that the Normandy people joins column of crusader,Byzantium and still more exceptional style of Middle East also flow into United Kingdom. The United Kingdom dish often gives person first-class feeling today , in the Middle Ages the United Kingdom dish is much but more delicate but. The local cook will be pleasantly surprised making a kind of shouting food, present go ahead ween the speciality having been conducted in every dish style, one is called "gold meat ball " (French among them: Pommes dorées) dish is dyadic , ball makes with mutton ball or chicken, sneak into red design and colour of Ti and spread a layer of yolk thick fluid, the method of work queen color speckle is beautiful , the apple doing a gold plating is ordered therefore.